What is the most likely cause of burning tongue in a diabetic patient?

Burning tongue in diabetic patients is most commonly associated with malnutrition, particularly deficiencies in certain vitamins and minerals. Diabetes can lead to varying dietary habits, nutrient absorption issues, and metabolic imbalances, which may result in deficiencies of critical nutrients like vitamin B12, folate, or iron. These deficiencies can cause symptoms such as burning sensations in the tongue and oral mucosa.

In diabetic patients, managing blood sugar levels can also impact nutritional status. Poorly controlled diabetes can contribute to gastrointestinal issues, leading to malabsorption and further nutrient deficiencies. Consequently, addressing malnutrition through dietary adjustments and potential supplementation can help alleviate the burning tongue symptom in these patients.

Factors like infections may lead to localized discomfort or a burning sensation, but they are not the primary cause of a burning tongue in this population. Dehydration can affect oral tissues, but it typically presents with different symptoms. Medication side effects could also contribute to a burning sensation, especially if medications impact salivary flow or taste, yet malnutrition remains the more significant underlying cause associated with diabetic patients experiencing burning tongue.