What is the main risk when treating a patient with hyperthyroidism?

In patients with hyperthyroidism, particularly conditions such as Graves' disease or toxic nodular goiter, the main risk associated with treatment is cardiac complications. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones can lead to increased heart rates, hypertension, and other cardiac irregularities. This heightened state can predispose patients to serious cardiovascular events, including heart failure and cardiac arrest, especially if they are subjected to stress during dental procedures or surgeries.

The attention to cardiac health is critical because hyperthyroidism accelerates metabolic processes, which can significantly impact cardiac output and overall cardiovascular stability during treatment.

While other risks such as excessive bleeding, severe allergic reactions, and infections are relevant in medical treatments, they are not specifically associated with hyperthyroidism management in the same direct manner as cardiac issues. Therefore, cardiac arrest stands out as the primary concern when treating patients with hyperthyroidism.