What is the dental condition characterized by taurodontism?

Taurodontism is a dental condition where the body of a tooth is elongated and the pulp chamber is enlarged, resulting in a higher placement of the furcation (the area where the roots divide). This condition affects the shape of the tooth and is often seen in molars. It is characterized by the absence of constriction at the cementoenamel junction, leading to the roots being closer to the apex of the tooth, which can pose challenges for endodontic treatment due to the altered root anatomy.

Hypodontia refers to the developmental absence of one or more teeth, while hyperdontia is characterized by the presence of extra teeth beyond the normal dental count. Germination, on the other hand, involves the splitting of a tooth bud, resulting in a single tooth that appears as two, not directly related to the structural changes seen in taurodontism. Thus, the most appropriate answer highlighting the condition defined in the question is indeed taurodontism itself.